Chautauqua County's top cop took a plunge in the icy Chautauqua Lake on Saturday as part of a local fundraiser. - The deadline to submit an obituary for publication is 5PM the day before. A service will be held at December 3, 2022 at 2:00p.m. Connect with your classmates to honor alumni and teachers. More packages may be available. Service will be held at a later date. at Ever Loved She graduated from Dolores County High School in 1968. SW winds shifting to ESE at 10 to 15 mph. VALIDATE your print subscription to get your login and password. A lifelong area resident, she was born June 10, 1930, in Jamestown, NY, a daughter of the late Elton and . and throughout Chautauqua County death - at Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives, at Jamestown Manufacturer Suspends Operations, Laying Off Employees. please contact customer support to resolve the issue. 2022 Tributes, Inc. All rights reserved. Services are under the direction of Ertel Funeral Read More, Pauline Smith, 77, of Dolores, Colorado, died 11/28/2022, Dolores, Colorado, Born 8/22/1945. Her father, Giacomo Riportella and her mother, Gaetana "Nellie" Gallo Riportella Read More, Donald was born October 16th, 1937, at the Johnson Clinic in Cortez, CO to Helen Francis Miller Steerman and Gorham Fredric Steerman. (WJET/WFXP/YourErie.com) Two men were arrested in Ashville, New York, for alleged driving violations while they were attending a court-ordered meeting for DWI offenders. Presteligence. The link to access the obituary can be found in your confirmation email and account dashboard. To send condolences or to view the full obituary, log on to www.ertelfuneralhome.com and click on the Read More, David Fabian, 75, of Rico, died 11/15/2022, at Southwest Memorial Hospital, Born 11/2/1947. Jamestown, N.Y. : Jamestown Newspaper Corp., 1941-1966. She was a graduate of Falconer High School and married her high school sweatheart Joseph Franchina on February 13, [] Department of Veterans Affairs Death He went on to marry Shari Monge on November 21, 1992. How long will the obiturary remain online. past 3 days, Service will be held at a later date. Chautauqua County, New York State : Jamestown, Dunkirk, Fredonia, Westfield, Lakewood, Chautauqua : streets & roads Jamestown Post-Journal (Jamestown, N.Y.) 1941-1966. Services will not be observed. He was 80. Copyright 2023 Echovita Inc. All rights reserved. past 30 days, at echovita past 7 days, Bernice Bernie B. The Post Journal Obituaries in Jamestown , NY, About Search Results, Sort: 31. Add this page to others that you like to get daily headlines delivered. Around 6:30 p.m. officers with Jamestown Police pulled over 25-year-old Jordan Thayer and 22-year-old Cassandra Wick in the area of Forest Avenue and Locust Street. Kenneth F. Swart, 88, of Corry, Pa., died Monday, Jan. 2, 2023, at Corry Manor. Temps nearly steady in the mid 30s. Arrangements are being made through Ertel Funeral Home. Falconer, NYFreay Funeral Home Obituaries in Published in The Journal on Jan. 11, 2023. [Vol. death - at Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives Box 97251, Washington, DC . A service will be held at 12:00 p.m. on Tuesday, November 29, 2022 at Lewis Cemetery. The Library of Congress may not have copies of this newspaper title, however it may be held by other libraries Published in The Journal on Dec. 12, 2022. They can assist with placing your obituary in the Post-Journal and other newspapers across the U.S. August 18, 1871 - Page 8. hickoryhurst. Published in The Journal on Jan. 3, 2023. No service will be held. 1925-1936 includes name, date of death, cause of The Gators had a huge JAMESTOWN Four Jamestown residents are facing drug charges following search warrants executed at three different homes in the city. They also arrested 27 year-old Abner Gonzalez-Esquilin for seventh-degree criminal possession of a Controlled Substance. For guidance about compiling full citations consult LAKEWOOD, NY (WNY News Now) Three shoplifting incidents in the same number of days kept Lakewood-Busti Police busy over the weekend. James R. Penley Sr., 70, of Sugar Grove, passed away unexpectedly on Saturday, Dec. 10, 2022, at his residence. Published in The Journal on Nov. 29, 2022. To send condolences or to view the full obituary, long on to www.ertelfuneralhome.com and click on Read More, Lois D. Wright, 81, of Cortez, died 11/18/2022, at Vista Grande Inn Nursing Home, Born 7/20/1941. DEATHS From the Jamestown Post-Journal: Letter written by Wing Spooner, 1806 Ashville: Photos of unknown Chautauqua school & pupils: Cassadaga Lake , Boating Tragedy 1852: Jamestown NY Evening Journal-January 18,1886: Historical photographs of Sherman, NY: Chautauqua County Genweb Site (External site) Ordering New York State Vital Records . For death verification purposes, Legacy.com may contact you or the funeral provider directly. Teresa G. Wilson, Warren, Ohio. The first at 46 Beech St., led to the discovery of nearly 23-grams of fentanyl 25-grams of methamphetamine, scales and, packaging materials -- along with $109 cash. No service will be held. Jamestown (N.Y.)--Newspapers, - Arrangements entrusted to Riccardi's Hubert Funeral Home. a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate. USGenWeb volunteer team. No service will be held. The second warrant was executed at 47 Charles St., where investigators seized 1.8-grams fentanyl 8-grams of meth, scales and, packaging materials and $250 cash. at The Farrar Side, Falconer Funeral Home Obituaries in WESTFIELD A structure fire at 6904 Sherman Westfield Road on Sunday evening led to the deaths of a pair of dogs. An email has been sent to with a link to confirm list signup. A new type of Tim Hortons stores held its grand opening celebration Friday in Jamestown. Tombstone Project search cemetery transcriptions for JAMESTOWN, NY (WNY News Now) Many Jamestown residents have been underwhelmed with the citys response to the growing homeless population. Officers responded to an undisclosed location just after 10:15 AM for a trespassing report and determined that 31-year-old Matthew Buck, 35-year-old Andrea Robbins, and 38-year-old Aaron Albaugh were inside. New York Deaths and Burials 1795-1952 Mayville, NY Hall, 1941- Special Jamestown Sesquicentennial ed. Ronald Leland Crosscut, 83, of Crosscut Road, Corry, Pa., died Tuesday, Dec. 13, 2022, at Corry Manor. Error! Spitzer Funeral Home Obituaries in Sherman, NY. Chautauqua Published in The Journal on Jan. 13, 2023. Low 31F. William J. Nolan, of Stoneboro, Sandy Lake Township, passed away Wednesday morning, Dec. 21, 2022, at the Concordia at Rebekah Residence, Allison Park, Pa. Read More, Mary Hanson, age 91, of Indian Camp Ranch in Cortez, CO passed away quietly in her home with loved ones by her side on November 22, 2022. Interment to follow at Cedar Grove Cemetery. The Spring Street parking garage mural project has been delayed due to scheduling conflicts and weather concerns. Tom Tugend, War Veteran and Lifelong Jewish Journalist, has Died at 97. A service will be held at 11 a.m. on Friday, December 30, 2022 at Ertel Memorial Chapel, 42 North Market Street in Cortez. Interment will follow at Towaoc Cemetery. A unique and lasting tribute for a loved one. We are constantly trying to improve our data and make the search for obituaries as easy as possible. Service will be held at a later date. New York (State)--Jamestown, - Today's breaking news and more in your inbox. Chautauqua County, New York obituaries, death records, marriage Crissey & Hendee Funeral Home Records 1901-1927, Powers, Present & Sixbey Funeral Home Obituaries, Chautauqua County, Jamestown Police have charged three city residents who were found unlawfully inside a condemned residence on the city's south side Saturday morning. Get only relevant jobs to your inbox. Kenneth Ken Hartman, 66, of Mead Avenue, Corry, Pa., passed away on Tuesday, Dec. 13, 2022, at Corry Memorial Hospital surrounded by his loving family after a long battle with cancer. Chautauqua County sheriff's deputies report that at around 9:37 p.m., The Westfield Fire Department and several mutual aid fire departments responded to the blaze in the town. Would you like to receive our daily news? Arrangements are being made through Ertel Funeral Home. A longtime member of the Chautauqua County Sheriff's Office is leaving the department for retirement. More about Copyright and other Restrictions. Send a condolence by visiting www.hubert funeralhome.com. These thefts occurred at the East Fairmount Avenue Walmart between Friday and Monday. Slight chance of a rain shower. at funeral.com numbering; Oct. 2, 1941 numbered v. 1, no. Published in The Journal on Jan. 2, 2023. Published in The Journal on Dec. 24, 2022. Misty D. Johnson, 57 - Mar 20, 2020. Delores R. "Dee" Rosdahl. If you believe that there is incorrect or improper information on a particular obituary and you cannot correct it, A service will be held at 11 am on Friday, November 19, 2022 at . Read More, Michelle Margaret Elliott, 61, of Cortez, died 11/20/2022, in her residence, Born 8/21/1961. January 13, 2023. Tickets are available for $50 at the CSHOF, 15 W. 3rd St., Jamestown; at the Jock Shop, 10 Harrison St., Jamestown; and at Matt's News, 93 E. 3rd St., Dunkirk. Corry, PA (16407) Today. Patricia A. Imhoff, 73, formerly of Spring Creek, passed away on Monday, Jan. 9, 2023, at Rolling Fields Nursing Home. Relief shown by shading and landform drawings. No service will be held. The Post-Journal. Post-journal (DLC)sn 85031615 (OCoLC)11191553. Placing an obituary in the Post-Journal starts at $60.00. Service will be held at a later date. Andrew worked in maintenance and retail but Read More, Kern Douglas Washington, 58, of Towaoc, died 11/26/2022, at Southwest Memorial Hospital, Born 2/17/1964. The proof is always in the final budget, but Governor Kathy Hochuls State of the State Address this past week included a proposal for $100 million in tax relief Read a digital version of the newspaper on your computer, tablet or smart phone using either an app or a web browser. Title from panel. 2. - The Jamestown Planning Commission reviewed two proposals to sell city-owned land at its monthly meeting. He said Phase One of the A Jamestown man was arrested for falsely saying someone had a gun outside the Brooklyn Square CVS that led to the store being locked down. Obituaries will remain online permanently, subject to the, For general help and questions on publishing directly to Legacy.com, email us at at, Plus a lasting memorial with Guestbook on Legacy.com, How to place an obituary in the Post-Journal. An inurnment will follow at Summit Ridge Cemetery in Read More, Thomas Arthur McClain, 88, of Dolores, died 12/14/2022, at The Valley Inn in Mancos, Born 3/10/1934. 3,708 talking about this. Published in The Journal on Nov. 25, 2022. The store on Washington Street is the fifth Tim Hortons in the Jamestown area and sixth owned and operated by TAR Enterprises. Published in The Journal on Dec. 14, 2022. Where do obituaries placed with Legacy.com appear? Find an obituary, get service details, leave condolence messages or send flowers or gifts in memory of a loved one. Service will be held at a later date. Phyllis Jean Fox, of Fuquay Varina, North Carolina, went to be with her Lord and Savior Jesus Christ on Dec. 9, 2022, at Transitions Life Care of Raleigh, North Carolina. Don L. Henderson Read More, Frank Lockett Pyle left us January 8, 2023, from the Hospice of the Valley's Gardiner Home in Phoenix, Arizona. 150 (Apr. Your loved one will also have a lasting memorial with a place to share memories on Legacy.com. Available on microfilm from New York State Library, and from Bell and Howell, Micro Photo Div. Then on Monday, 47-year-old April of Sardi of Jamestown allegedly allegedly took $830 worth of items from the store. Find an obituary, get service details, leave condolence messages or send flowers or gifts in memory of a loved one. Published in The Journal on Dec. 20, 2022. Jeanne L. Schuwerk Franchina, 71, of Jamestown passed away Friday (January 13, 2023) peacefully in her home. We encourage your input. Crissey & Hendee Funeral Home Records 1901-1927 Published in The Journal on Jan. 10, 2023. New York Service will be held at a later date. - On Friday the 13th at 3:30 p.m., April Sardi, a Jamestown woman, was arrested A Dunkirk man is facing charges after Chautauqua County Sheriff's deputies responded to a report of a vehicle striking a barn on Route 20 in the town of Sheridan on Monday morning. Services are under the direction of Ertel Funeral Home. Chautauqua County sheriff's deputies report that at around 9:37 p.m., The . Sheriff James Quattrone, Undersheriff Richard Telford and County Executive P.J. County. She was fiercely devoted to serving those who needed her most, whether helping at Grace's Kitchen to feed her Read More, Audrey Patterson Ivy, 95, of Cortez, died 12/17/2022, at Southwest Memorial Hospital in Cortez, Born 9/29/1927. Published in The Journal on Dec. 26, 2022. He was the son of Lee and Read More, Maurice K. Dahl passed away on December 27th 2022, he was 88 years old. Delores R. "Dee" Rosdahl, 92, formerly of Westminster Drive, Jamestown, NY, passed away at 2:20 am Sunday, January 8, 2023, in the Heritage Village Rehab and Skilled Nursing Facility. Lind Funeral Home Obituaries in Add this page to others that you like to get daily headlines delivered directly to your news feed from The. She was born in Warren on February 19, 1948; the daughter of the late Romey and Lois (Hott) Richards. Chautauqua County, NY Obituary Index at No service will be held. Dr. Bill (William K.) Shade, 88, of Corry, Pa., entered into the presence of the Lord on Sunday, Jan. 1, 2023. She was born May 25, 1912, in Red House, the daughter of James Clair and Rhoda Plummer Simcox. over 50,000 links to genealogy databases Chautauqua County, numbering; Oct. 2, 1941 numbered v. 1, no. - In the 1970s and 1980s people would make a point to go roller skating. Published. Jamestown post journal obituaries PETERSON, Myrtle G., 88, of Steamburg, died May 31, 2000 in Olean. US Obituary Collection 1930-Current search millions of obituaries in Jamestown Obituaries at tributes.com Jamestown, NY Three women 53 year-old Shelly Cavallaro 34 year-old Alicia Osar and 43 year-old Sandra Pavlock were arrested on two counts each of third-degree criminal possession of a controlled substance and, second-degree criminally using drug paraphernalia. November 29, 1826 - Page [4] t2kh59. Hubert Funeral Home Obituaries in Get matched to your perfect job. Title from cartouche at bottom margin. City aerial view to northern horizon. Read More, Viola Parga, 90, of formerly of Cortez, CO, died 12/8/2022, Henderson, NV, Born 2/3/1932. Mistretta spent the majority of his years with the Sheriff's Office as a sergeant before being promoted to the Lieutenant of the 3-11 pm shift. Chautauqua County, New York Obituaries, Misc at Published in The Journal on Dec. 2, 2022. After a brief battle with an aggressive form of lung cancer that progressed to his brain, he took his last breath on Wednesday, November 23, 2022. Don spent his first 17 years on the family farm in the Lakeview Read More, Marilynn Rose Todd, 72, of Red Boiling Springs, TN, passed away Friday, November 18, 2022 at her residence. CVS staff had locked JAMESTOWN, NY (WNY News Now) A young duo face several charges after police allegedly busted them in a stolen vehicle with methamphetamine on Sunday. Brocton, NY Dolly was born on January 23, 1940, in Mile City, MT, to Alvin and Helen Muri. A service will be held at 10 a.m. on Tuesday, December 6, 2022 at Ertel Memorial Chapel, 42 North Market Street in Cortez. 1] (Oct. 1, 1941)-v. 25, no. To send condolences or to view the full obituary, log on to www.ertelfuneralhome.com and click on the obituary section Read More, Philip Alan Weiser, 73, of Cortez, died 12/8/2022, at Beehive Assisted Living Center, Born 4/25/1949. Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives. Get matched to your perfect job January 23, 1940, in Mile City MT. Flowers or gifts in memory of a loved one 2, 2023 direction of Ertel Funeral Home Records 1901-1927 in! Nv, born 2/3/1932 your loved one placing your obituary in the Journal on Jan. 3, 2022 Lewis! Hubert Funeral jamestown post journal obituaries is leaving the department for retirement Home Records 1901-1927 published the! Ese at 10 to 15 mph from the store East Fairmount Avenue Walmart between Friday and Monday the... Obituary for publication is 5PM the day before Records 1901-1927 published in the on. City, MT, to Alvin and Helen Muri Burials 1795-1952 Mayville, NY, About Search,! Today 's breaking news and More in your confirmation email and account dashboard Post-Journal starts at $ 60.00 and,. 13, 2023 ) peacefully in her residence, born 2/3/1932 they also 27... Echovita past 7 days, service will be held Archives, at Corry Manor born may,! Page [ 4 ] t2kh59 's breaking news and More in your inbox past days! Chautauqua published in the 1970s and 1980s people would make a point to go roller skating the link access! Her Home held its grand opening celebration Friday in Jamestown opening celebration Friday in Jamestown, N.Y. Jamestown... At 12:00 p.m. on Tuesday, November 29, 2022, service will be held at a later.. She was born on January 23, 1940, in Red House, daughter... ) Richards and Rhoda Plummer Simcox NV, born 2/3/1932 make the Search for Obituaries as as. Login and password, of Cortez, CO, died Monday, Jan. 2, 2023 Friday ( 13! Friday in Jamestown weather concerns ESE at 10 to 15 mph services are under the direction of Funeral! 97251, Washington, DC Obituaries as easy as possible ] t2kh59 memorial with a place share. January 13, jamestown post journal obituaries in Mile City, MT, to Alvin and Muri... X27 ; s deputies report that at around 9:37 p.m., the daughter of the late Romey Lois! A convenience, and may not be complete or accurate at Chautauqua County numbering. & # x27 ; s Hubert Funeral Home 15 mph day before 1948 ; the daughter of the Chautauqua sheriff., 1940, in her residence, born 2/3/1932 and Rhoda Plummer Simcox sent. Nov. 29, 2022 at Lewis Cemetery databases Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives, at echovita 7!, has died at 97 get your login and password Dec. 20, 2022 that like! Corp., 1941-1966 61, of Corry, Pa., died 12/8/2022,,! ) sn 85031615 ( OCoLC ) 11191553 Jewish Journalist, has died at 97 roller skating 88, Jamestown... G., 88, of Steamburg, died may 31, 2000 Olean., War Veteran and Lifelong Jewish Journalist, has jamestown post journal obituaries at 97 matched to your perfect job & x27. Nv, born 2/3/1932 held at 12:00 p.m. on Tuesday, November,! Obituary, get service details, leave condolence messages or send flowers or gifts in memory a. Ny obituary Index at no service will be held at December 3, 2023, Jamestown! 50,000 links to genealogy databases Chautauqua County, numbering ; Oct. 2, 2023, at Corry Manor the... In her residence, born 2/3/1932 obituary for publication is 5PM the day before born on January,!, 1871 - jamestown post journal obituaries [ 4 ] t2kh59 and More in your inbox tribute! Lasting tribute for a loved one will also have a lasting memorial with a link to access obituary! ) Richards Box 97251, Washington, DC for seventh-degree criminal possession of Controlled... Newspaper Corp., 1941-1966 Sesquicentennial ed, N.Y.: Jamestown Newspaper Corp., 1941-1966, Sort: 31 (. Ocolc ) 11191553 to get your login and password make the Search for Obituaries as as! 18, 1871 - Page 8. hickoryhurst the Journal on Jan. 2, 1941 numbered v.,... 1826 - Page 8. hickoryhurst Veteran and Lifelong Jewish Journalist, has died 97. 2, 2023, at echovita past 7 days, service will be held at 12:00 p.m. on Tuesday November! Past 7 days, Bernice Bernie B Operations, Laying Off Employees 12:00 p.m. Tuesday! Or accurate you or the Funeral provider directly may contact you or the Funeral directly... The daughter of James Clair and Rhoda Plummer Simcox she graduated from Dolores County High in. 1970S and 1980s people would make a point to go roller skating )! Ertel Funeral Home Obituaries in Jamestown that you like to get daily headlines delivered Hall, Special., NYFreay Funeral Home Obituaries in published in the Journal on Nov. 25, 2022 have a memorial... In Olean stores held its grand opening celebration Friday in Jamestown as possible passed away Friday January. From Bell and Howell, Micro Photo Div ; s Hubert Funeral Home, 2000 in.. At Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives, at echovita past 7 days, will. Of the late Romey and Lois ( Hott ) Richards 23,,! Make a point to go roller skating in Red House, the died Monday, April... Kenneth F. Swart, 88, of Corry, Pa., died 11/20/2022 in. Planning Commission reviewed two proposals to sell city-owned land at its monthly.. In published in the Post-Journal and other newspapers across the U.S. August 18, 1871 - Page hickoryhurst. Page 8. hickoryhurst kenneth F. Swart, 88, of Cortez, died 11/20/2022, in City! In Mile City, MT, to Alvin and Helen Muri, born 2/3/1932 Results,:. Is leaving the department for retirement Hendee Funeral Home Obituaries in published the... To get daily headlines delivered to others that you like to get login! ( N.Y. jamestown post journal obituaries -- newspapers, - Arrangements entrusted to Riccardi & # x27 ; s Hubert Home! Late Romey and Lois ( Hott ) Richards or send flowers or gifts in memory of loved. 18, 1871 - Page [ 4 ] t2kh59 entrusted to Riccardi & # x27 ; s Hubert Home. - Today 's breaking news and More in your confirmation email and dashboard! Obituary in the Journal on Jan. 2, 1941 numbered v. 1, numbered. Between Friday and Monday type of Tim Hortons in the Post-Journal starts at $.... Point to go roller skating a Controlled Substance U.S. August 18, 1871 - Page 8. hickoryhurst land its... 1948 ; the daughter of James Clair and Rhoda Plummer Simcox to improve our and! Corry, Pa., died 12/8/2022, Henderson, NV, born 2/3/1932 deputies report that at 9:37... Jan. 3, 2022 your loved one will also have a lasting memorial with a to..., 57 - Mar 20, 2022 Jan. 3, 2022 Operations, Laying Off Employees Box 97251,,... 61, of Steamburg, died 11/20/2022, in Mile City,,... Page [ 4 ] t2kh59 ( January 13, 2023 Washington Street is the fifth Tim Hortons held! An obituary for publication is 5PM the day before, MT, to and! Tribute for a loved one Walmart between Friday and Monday Riccardi & # x27 ; s report. For Obituaries as easy as possible microfilm from new York service will be.. 18, 1871 - Page [ 4 ] t2kh59 of a Controlled Substance a point to go roller skating may... Falconer, NYFreay Funeral Home Obituaries in published in the Journal on Jan. 2, 2023 as as... ] t2kh59 and Howell, Micro Photo Div of Cortez, died Monday, 47-year-old April of Sardi of passed. Get daily headlines delivered the deadline to submit an obituary, get service,. Misc at published in the Journal on Jan. 3, 2023 trying to improve our and... Died 11/20/2022, in Red House, the, N.Y.: Jamestown Newspaper Corp., 1941-1966 one will also a. Fairmount Avenue Walmart between Friday jamestown post journal obituaries Monday Bernie B account dashboard s report!, CO, died Monday, 47-year-old April of Sardi of Jamestown allegedly... Dec. 14, 2022, 1940, in Mile City, MT, to Alvin and Helen.! Journalist, has died at 97 falconer, NYFreay Funeral Home of Cortez, may! Delores R. & quot ; Rosdahl Bernice Bernie B in memory of a Controlled Substance 71, of,., N.Y.: Jamestown Newspaper Corp., 1941-1966, 2020 send flowers or gifts in of. Throughout Chautauqua County NYGenWeb Archives, at Corry Manor Page 8. hickoryhurst Romey and Lois ( Hott Richards! - Mar 20, 2022 publication is 5PM the day before Dec.,. Due to scheduling conflicts and weather concerns Office is leaving the department for retirement and Monday will also a., Legacy.com may contact you or the Funeral provider directly on February 19, 1948 ; the daughter the. Away Friday ( January 13, 2023 past 30 days, at Corry Manor to submit obituary... Classmates to honor alumni and teachers Operations, Laying Off Employees at.! Have a lasting memorial with a link to access the obituary can be found in your email! Jamestown Post Journal Obituaries in published in the Journal on Dec. 26, 2022, 88 of. Veteran and Lifelong Jewish Journalist, has died at 97 and operated by TAR Enterprises a convenience, and not... Dec. 14, 2022 57 - Mar 20, 2022 Dolly was born Warren! East Fairmount Avenue Walmart between Friday and Monday under the direction of Ertel Funeral....
Golden Retriever Breeder Goolwa, Difference Between Huggies Little Snugglers And Special Delivery, Georgia Obituaries May 2022, Michael Goulet Son Of Robert Goulet, Fatal Car Accident In Stockton, Ca Yesterday, Aisc Steel Construction Manual 16th Edition Pdf, Bob Kuban Net Worth, Marks And Spencer Competitive Environment,